What Are Gas Fees?

Two Ethereum transfers use the same gas at the same gas price. One sends 0.01 ETH and the other sends 10 ETH. How do their fees compare?

• The 10 ETH transfer costs 1,000 times more
• They cost the same, because the fee depends on gas used, not the amount sent
• The 0.01 ETH transfer costs more, because small transfers are penalised

Fees on Ethereum are rising fast. What is pushing the base fee up?

• Validators voting for higher fees
• Recent blocks running fuller than the network's half-full target
• The price of ETH going up in dollars